Az erdők és a fák szakrális jelentősége a vallásokban, egyes filozófiai rendszerekben és a spiritualitás más formáiban
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59531/ots.2024.2.2.23-65Kulcsszavak:
egyház, mitológia, környezetvédelem, biodiverzitás, szent ligetekAbsztrakt
A fák és erdők hatalmas termete és tartós élettartama tagadhatatlanul mély hatást gyakorolt az írás nélküli társadalmak kreatív elméjére. Nyilvánvaló, hogy ezek a természeti csodák megragadták a korai civilizációk képzeletét, befolyásolva hiedelmeiket, hagyományaikat és kulturális megnyilvánulásaikat. Szerte a világon a különböző vallási csoportok sok generáción keresztül megőrizték a szent erdőket és ligeteket, amelyekről úgy gondolják, hogy a spirituális jelentőségük van, vagy kifejezetten isteni entitások lakóhelyei. Számos ősi szent erdő maradt fenn a világ különböző régióiban. Ezek közé tartoznak az Etiópia hegyvidékein található templomerdők, az olaszországi katolikusok számára nagy jelentőségű domboldali ligetek, a japán sintó gyakorlók által mélyen tisztelt erdőfoltok, valamint a szibériai őslakos közösségek számára szent értéket képviselő erdők. A védett erdők a biológiai sokféleség értékes tárházaiként szolgálnak, és kulcsfontosságú menedéket jelentenek a régió más részein ritka vagy eltűnt növény- és állatfajok számára. E szakrális terek megőrzését kihívások elé állítja az éghajlatváltozás, a környezetszennyezés és az urbanizáció. Az évek során elhivatott gondozók, környezetvédők és kormányok vállalták a felelősséget e területek védelmében, de mostanra egyre nagyobb erőfeszítéseket kell tenniük védelmük fokozására.
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